Information Harmonization

This section addresses:

:USDA #4:

Allow incorporation ARS ontology for ingredients nomenclature with access to external databases.

:USDA #8:

Provide links to other nutrition-related databases.

Table of Contents

Ontomatica Coverage

Ontomatica harmonizes terms defined by the authorities € below.

Our methods create relationships between terms € by using one or more of the following predicates €:

schema:sameAs skos:exactMatch skos:closeMatch skos:relatedMatch

Harmonization enables a depositor € to use the authority’s term, rather than an equivalent USDA term. Harmonization is essential for implementing USDA prime.

Authorities

Domain	Harmonized Terms from Authorities	Example
Bio-chemistry	USDA ARS chemicals
	UN FAO INFOODS chemicals
	US NIH PubChem chemicals
	ChEBI chemicals
	USDA NALT chemicals
	USDA ARS GrainGenes (for wheat ontology)
	UN FAO AgroVoc chemicals
	Protein Data Bank (PDB) chemicals
	Bio-chemical references in US Code of Federal Regulation
	US NIH NCI Applied Research chemicals
	US NIH NCI thesaurus chemicals
	ChEMBL bioactive compounds
	UniProt bioactive compounds
	PDB bioactive compounds
	US NIH NCBI Structure bioactive compounds
	US NIH NCBI Taxon for bacteria and virus
	US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifiers (UNII)
	Enzyme Commission (EC) identifiers
	DBpedia terms
	Chemical Abstract Society (CAS) identifiers
Agricultural commodities	IR-4 commodities
	UN FAO AgroVoc commodities
	UN FAO CODEX crop groups
	UN FAO CODEX livestock groups
	UN FAO fish commodities
	USDA NALT commodities
	US EPA Food Commodity Intake Data (FCID)
	Agriculture commodity references in US Code of Federal Regulation
	DBpedia terms
Food and meals	USDA ARS Food Patterns Equivalents Data (FPED) identities
	US NIH NCI Applied Research identities
	Food identities in US Code of Federal Regulation
	UN FAO food groups
Analytical methods	UN INFOODS tags for CODEX methods
	AOAC international methods
	Methods associated with specific analytical devices and equipment

Example: Fish

Aquatic term	UN FAO term code	EUNIS term code	DBpedia term	AgroVoc term code	NALT term code
Common octopus	cl_species:OCC	eunis:60605	dbpedia:Common_Octopus	agrovoc:c_5307	nalt:55627
Angler	cl_species:MON	eunis:124874	dbpedia:Lophius_piscatorius	agrovoc:c_46042	nalt:201339
Red mullet	cl_species:MUT	eunis:124879	dbpedia:Mullus_barbatus	agrovoc:c_43349	nalt:43361
Great Atlantic scallop	cl_species:SCE	eunis:60712	dbpedia:Pecten_maximus	agrovoc:c_31159	nalt:57135
Red swamp crawfish	cl_species:RCW	eunis:258990	dbpedia:Procambarus_clarkii	agrovoc:c_46824	nalt:50664
Swordfish	cl_species:SWO	eunis:124899	dbpedia:Swordfish	agrovoc:c_7559	nalt:65299
Crested flounder	cl_species:LFG		dbpedia:Crested_flounder	agrovoc:c_45572	nalt:40297
Giant grouper	cl_species:EEN		dbpedia:Giant_grouper	agrovoc:c_42341	nalt:40299
Largemouth black bass	cl_species:MPS	eunis:10072	dbpedia:Largemouth_bass	agrovoc:c_37035	nalt:52789
Pacific herring	cl_species:HEP	eunis:124939	dbpedia:Pacific_herring	agrovoc:c_39009	nalt:40303
Pandalid shrimps	cl_species:PDZ		dbpedia:Pandalidae	agrovoc:c_46467	nalt:31889
Penaeid shrimps	cl_species:PEZ		dbpedia:Penaeidae	agrovoc:c_46269	nalt:31890

Example: Variety of Frequently Used Terms

Term	UN FAO term code	NALT term code	DBpedia term
Brassica	agrovoc:c_1060	nalt:19293	dbpedia:Brassica
Flavonoids	agrovoc:c_2964	nalt:10004	dbpedia:Flavonoid
food composition	agrovoc:c_10961	nalt:10481	dbpedia:Food_composition_data
Bioavailability	agrovoc:c_32390	nalt:10477	dbpedia:Bioavailability
Nutritive value	agrovoc:c_5278	nalt:10486	dbpedia:Dietary_Reference_Values
Age	agrovoc:c_186	nalt:110	dbpedia:Ageing
Apples	agrovoc:c_541	nalt:11308	dbpedia:Apple
Processed foods	agrovoc:c_28228	nalt:15553	dbpedia:Processed_food
Carbonated beverages	agrovoc:c_28261	nalt:16986	dbpedia:Soft_drink
Fish products	agrovoc:c_2930	nalt:9444	dbpedia:Fish_products
Milk protein	agrovoc:c_4831	nalt:9453	dbpedia:Milk#Physical_and_chemical_structure

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